Shaving device



' s. DALKOWITZ SHAVING DEVICE Jan. 14, 1941.

Filed Dec. 13, 1937 2.Shoets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR God frag Dakowfiz G. DALKOWITZ SHAVING DEVICE Jan. 14, .1941.

Filed 000.15, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 QINVENTOR Godfreg Daik'pwiiz ATTQR EYs Patented Jan. .14,

PATENT OFFICE snavnge nnvl'cn eta. Dalkowitz, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to American Safety Balor Corporation, Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of Virginia Application December 13,1937, Serial No. 179,386

' icmms. (ciao-4a);

This invention relates to shaving appliances, and in particular to shaving appliances oi the type in which the shaving is eflected by the action of relatively movable parts.- which in their shaving action are not dependent on the movement of the appliance over the surface to be shaved. Devices of this type are customarily known as dry'shavers, and ordinarily do not resuperposed relation and movable relatively to each other, the edges of the slots of the shear plate and the cutter being formed with cutting teeth, and depends for its action on the shearing action due tothe sliding-over each other of the cutting edges of the cutter and of the shear plate. In order to protect theends of the teeth of the shear plate or of the cutter, whichever is usedadjacent to the flesh, against damage, and to prevent injury to the user, a guard member may be positioned to the outside'of the aforesaid cutting parts, and this may be slotted so as'toafford passages for the hair into the cutting zone. It has'been found however that in order for the hair to be shaved to enter readily that this guard member should preferably have the entrance portions of its slots widened sufliciently to receive a large proportion of the hair that is encountered and to guide it into the cutting zones, and this necessitates a tapering ofl of the solid tooth portions between the-slots, and this tapering of! may result in a series of more or less sharnpoints,

which, as the shaving appliance is drawn over the flesh tend to dig into the flesh when even slight pressure is applied,.or when the appliance is tilted. Where no guard member is used the same undesirable effect maybe caused by the tooth ends of the shear plate or the cutter or both.

It is among the general objects of my invention to'overcome these undesirable efl'ects by the'pro vision of means for holding the cutting area; of a shaving appliance in a correct and effective shaving position in relation to the flesh of any of the portions of the shaving appliance, to cause the surface of the flesh to enter the shaving area.

thereof, and in connection with such guide means to provide for the disposal of the shaving waste. It will be understood that while I have pointed Figure 2;

out.the undesirable features of one particular type of dry shaver, which it is the aim of my invention to overcome, that my invention is equally applicable to other types of dry shavers,

and as to certain phases thereof it may have applicationelsewhere than to dry shavers.

For the attainment of'these objects and such other objects as will hereinafter-appear or be pointed out I have illustrated several embodiments of my invention in the drawings, in

which-- l Figure l is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the principles underlying my invention and the mode of action thereof;

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view through a shaving head and shows my invention applied thereto;

Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of a shaving head such as illustrated in 2 Figure 4 is a plan view, on a greatly enlarged scale. of a portion of the flesh engaging parts of of portions of shavingheads similar to that of Figure 2, butillustrating other embodiments of myinvention; Figure 9 is a perspective view of a rotary type of dry shaver device, portions being broken away to disclosethe construction more clearlyan'd Figure 10 is a fragmentary'perspective view of 5 still another form of rotary dry shaving device showing my invention applied thereto. 7

Referring'now to the drawings, and first of all to Figure 1, it will be observed that in Figure 1 I have shown in outline an end view of a shaving 40 device similar to the one shown in Figure 2 and in this figure the dot and dash line H is intended to represent the conformation that may be assumed by the surface of the flesh or skinwhen the flesh engaging surfaces of the dry ing device against the skin may causetheflesh to bulge upward and into contact with the ends tilting it into a position in which its flesh engaging surface is steeply inclined to the fleshy surface, in which positions of course it will be inefllcient for shaving purposes and will resist movement, besides injuring the user. It will be obvious from an inspection of Figure 1 that when guidemeans g are used such a position is utterly impossible, because tilting will 'take place about the guide means a as an axis, and not about the tooth ends. I It will of course be understood that in the foregoing discussion it is presupposed that the guide thereof will do.

- members 9 are properly positioned in relation to the shaving device; obviously not any position The area of flesh between the guide member and the shaving device proper should be so small that the pressure of the shaving device against the flesh will stretch and flatten it rather than cause it to bulge into the r space between the guide member and the shaving device, as that might give the undesirable effect indicated by the dot and dashline H, in which L the flesh is pressed against the sharp portions with inclined cutting edges, resulting in an outof the shaving device proper. By making said area small enough there will be a practically flat bulgeless flesh conformation between the guide member and the shaving device that will insure the entry of the fleshy surfaces 'into the shaving zones at the proper angle for eflicient action,

" coupled with comfort to the user.

While, as has been pointed out, it is desirable to limit the flesh area between the guide members 9-9 and the shaving zone of the shaving device it will also be understood that as this area is made smaller the guiding effect that has hereinabove been compared to that of the guiding surfaces of a carpenter's plane, .will be reduced, and

if the guide member is too close to the shaving area. its effect will ultimately be nullified and will be merged into that already resulting from the provision of a guard member such as lndicated at in Figure 3.

The shaving device of Figures 2,'3 and 4 is shown as comprising generally a face engaging plate ll, or'shear plate, a movable cutter ll, and

guard members It associated therewith, and p0-'- sitioned laterally of these are guide members Ill.

The face engaging plate H is shown as provided with outwardly directed teeth' I! along its longitudinally extending edges, and these teeth are further shown as of the "hair clipper" type,

ward tapering of the teeth. 1

Projecting downwardl'y'from the'central unslotted portion of the face engaging plate is-a central portion II which may consist-of a rib overwhich the cutter ll slides, the cutter being slotted for that purpose, and the portion .ll fur-- ther comprises downward extensions which serve to receive a connecting member, such as the rivet ll, by which other parts, to be described hereinafter, are united to the central portion ll. Since many of the details herein described are not necessary to an understanding of my invention, they have not been illustrated.

Intermediate the guard members ll, already referred to, are'shown a pair of spacer members 50, which serve to hold the guard members It in proper relation to the shear plate II, and these members ll terminate below the shear plate I I so as to leave a space within which moves the cutter ll, which is provided with cutting teeth 24, positioned beneath the teeth I] of the shear plate, and serving to effect the clipping or shaving action.

It will'be observed that the guard member 40 is provided with teeth at its upper portion that register with the teeth I! of the shear plate.

A pair of guide members Ill are shown as mounted in lateral spaced relation to'the guard members ll, having their end portions carried by extensions provided on the ends of the guard members, and these guide members Ill are 1 shownas being in the form of rollers having porand this feature added to the other channels through which waste may escape, effectively adds to the sanitary excellence of the shaver by guarding against the accumulation of waste.

In'Flgure 4 will be found an enlarged plan view of a portion of the shear plate, one of the guard members ll and one of the guide members a. While the dimensions of these parts may be varied to suit different requirements, I have, in practice, obtained satisfactory results under'usual average conditions with a spacing of the teeth of the guard member and the shear plate of the order of .032 inch, the guide members having their enlarged portions ll! of aradius of the order of .040 inch, while the restricted portions Ill may have their diameter of the order of one half the diameter of the enlarged portions I02, and an axial extent of .060 inch whereby the enlarged portions are spaced to that extent.

It will be obvious that instead of the exact. de

bers, indicated as a whole by the numeral i'll, are

shown as bars fastened to the body of the razor by any suitable or preferred means, such as the screws H2, and these members" I'll are shown as provided with spaced flesh engagingportions I'll corresponding to the enlarged portions I02 of the first embodiment hereinabove. In order .to more effectively provide for the acape of shaving waste the guide member I'll is shown as cut away at in. Other parts of this figure correspond to the parts already described in connection with the first embodiment, and it will'sumce to say of, a movable cutter having teeth positioned so as that they have been similarly numbered, with the addition to each number of the letter a.

In the embodiments of Figures 2 and 5 the guide members have been shown as spaced from the respective guard members. As already described in a general way the spacing that is provided should answer the requirements enumerated 'hereinabove. However the spacing used may vary be in the form of rollers like those of Figure 2,

instead of being spaced from the guard member, may be described as being contiguous thereto. It will be observed however that the flesh engaging surface of the guard member 44b is nevertheless actually spaced from the flesh engaging portions of the guide member I20, this being due to the convex contours of said parts. The shear plate of the shaver is indicated at III).

In Figure 8 is shown a further embodiment in which a guide member I 30, similar to the guide member 44a, of Figure 6, is shown as'positioned adjacent to the guard member He. Further description of this figure is unnecessary since the other parts are intended to be similar to the corresponding parts shown in Figure 5. The shear plate has been indicated by the numeral I I0.

In Figure 9 I have shown the application of my invention to a dry shaver that may be described as of the rotary disc type. In this shaver a central shear plate is shown at I 40 and this shear plate is surrounded by a guard member I 42, on the outside of which is positioned a guide member I, which may be of'any of the types already described or of other types, such as will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art. The dry shaver illustrated in this flgure is intended to have a cross section substantially like that shown in Figures 2 and 5, and this cross section is used as a generatrix and rotated about a central axisto produce the rotary form of Figure In Figure 10 I have shown a further embodiinent of my invention in which cylindrical guide members I50 are shown as positioned on bothsides of a dry shaver of rotating cylindrical type having an outer member I52 provided with a cutting edge I54 across which moves a rotary cutter I56 provided with suitable cutting teeth, and this outer member is also provided with 'a comb-like toothed guard I56. Since the function of the guide members is similar to that or the guide members heretofore described in connection with the other embodiments, it will be unnecessary to further dilate on such functions.

While I have herein disclosed several illustrative embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that the same may be embodied in many other formsyas will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and that the disclosure herein is intended to be by way of illustration merely, and is not .to be interpreted in a limiting sense, and that I do not limit myself other than as called for by the prior art.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A shaving device provided with a shear plate having a row of cutting teeth on each side thereto cooperate with said shear plate to effect a cutting action, a toothed guard member positioned in abutting relation to the free ends of each of the rows of teeth of the shear plate and having the teeth thereof in registration with the teeth of the shear plate, and guide means positioned on each side of said guard means in parallel spaced relation to the rows of cutting teeth of said shear plate adapted when engaged with the flesh of 'a user to guide said shear plate and cutter into operative shaving position, said guide means comprising a plurality of flesh engaging portions arranged in spaced alignment, and the flesh engaging surfaces of said portions lying substantially in the continuation of the outer surf-ace of said guard member.

ing member having a row of stationary cutting teeth separated by slots, a row of cutting teeth movable relatively to said stationary teeth and adapted to cooperate therewith in a clipping action,'a guard member comprising a row of teeth abutting against and in registration with said stationary cutting teeth, said guard teeth also being separated by slots and said slots registering with the slots separating said stationary cutting teeth, and a guide member provided with a row of convex flesh engaging portions spaced from each other a distance greater than the pitch of the stationary cutting teeth, said guide member being disposed in spaced parallel relation to said ing in line with the outerv surface of said flesh engaging member.

3. A shaving device comprising a flesh engaging member having a row of stationary cutting teeth separated by slots, a row of cutting teeth movable relatively to said stationary teeth and adapted to cooperate therewith in a clipping action, a guard member comprising a row of teeth ing of the order of four times the pitch oi-the guard teeth, and the spacing between them being at least one half or said pitch, and said guide member being disposed in spaced parallel relation to said guard member and the flesh engaging surface or said spaced portions being in line with the outer surface of said flesh engaging member. s

4. A shaving device comprising a flesh engaging member having a row of stationary cutting teeth separated by slots, a row of cutting teeth movable relatively to said stationary teeth and 'adapted to cooperate therewith 'in a clipping action, a guard member comprising a row of teeth abutting against and in registration with said sta tionary cutting teeth, said guard teeth also being guard member and its flesh engaging surfaces beseparated by slots and said slots registering with the slots separating said stationary cutting teeth, and a guide member provided with a row of spaced independently rotatably mounted flesh engaging rollers having a common axis parallel to said row or guard teeth, and said rollers having their flesh engaging surface lying in a continuation of the outer surface of said flesh engaging member.

GODFREY DALKOWI'IZ. 

